Principles of Heat Treating of Steels

Steels can exhibit a wide variety of properties depending on composition as well as the phases and micro-constituents present, which in turn depend on the heat treatment.
The basis for the understanding of the heat treatment of steels is the Fe-C phase diagram. It actually includes two diagrams; the stable iron-graphite diagram and the metastable Fe-Fe3C diagram. The stable condition usually takes a very long time to develop, especially in the low-temperature and low-carbon range, and therefore the metastable diagram is of more interest.

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Corrosion Behaviour of Copper Alloys: Part One

Copper demonstrates excellent corrosion resistance in marine environments as well as showing strong abilities to withstand several other key localized corrosion forms which could potentially lead to failure.
Commonly weathered copper will go through a range of visual appearance transformations including the development of a brown patina within a few days of exposure and this will develop into the recognized green color over a period of 7-9 years.

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Shape Rolling

Shape rolling of steels is a process which requires a lot of heat and a lot of force. Reheating is carried out to around 1200°C and then the metal is continuously fed through rollers to draw the desired dimensions.
Popular shapes have good application in the construction business as I, H, and U shaped beams or girders can be produced for structural integrity

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